Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) are very commonly used in scientific software development. This article talks about some free and commericial IDEs, available for you to use.
| Resource information | Details |
|---|---|
| Resource name | Integrated Development Environments(IDEs) |
| Websites | Eclipse CDT, Eclipse PTP, Netbeans IDE, Code::Blocks, JetBrains CLion, XCode IDE, Visual Studio IDE |
| Focus | Software Development |
IDEs have been used extensively for software development for many years, and in most software engineering domains they are considered best practice. However, their uptake for scientific software development and, in particular, high-performance computing has been much slower. Nevertheless, IDEs are widely used, especially where software engineering professionals are actively involved in the development of scientific software.
When choosing an IDE for scientific software development, the following are important features you should consider.
- Provides support for multiple languages, in particular, C/C++, Fortran, and Python.
- Does not interfere with existing build practices and toolchains.
- Integrates simply and smoothly with existing tools and systems.
- Is easily customizable to suit individual or team requirements.
- Works on a variety of platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux).
- Allows remote development.
The following sections describe free as well as commercial IDEs that meet one or more of the requirements for scientific code development.
Popular and Free IDEs
Eclipse CDT
Eclipse CDT is a professional-quality integrated development environment and tool integration platform. It is built on the OSGI framework, which allows functionality to be added via plugin components. Eclipse was traditionally used for Java development, but C and C++ support has been available for many years. The C/C++ Development Tools (CDT) project adds support for developing and building C and C++ applications. Features include the following:
- Project and build support
- Full-featured editor
- Source code navigation
- Refactoring
- Static code analysis
- Debugging
- Unit testing
- Autotools
- VCS integration
CDT can also be combined with the LinuxTools project to provide integration with a variety of Linux-based tools, including the following:
- Callgraph
- Changelog
- Docker
- GProf
- Gcov
- Libhover
- Man page
- OProfile
- Perf
- Systemtap
- Valgrind
- RPM
The latest version of Eclipse CDT Neon.3 can be downloaded from here.
Eclipse PTP
The Eclipse Parallel Tools Platform (PTP) project is an extension of Eclipse CDT that adds support for developing parallel and scientific programs. It includes most of the features found in Eclipse CDT, plus the following:
- Support for Fortran
- MPI/OpenMP/OpenACC/OpenSHMEM bindings
- Parallel debugging
- Synchronized projects
- Job scheduler integration
The latest version of Eclipse PTP Neon.3 can be downloaded from here.
Netbeans IDE
Netbeans IDE is the official IDE for Java 8 and, like Eclipse, is extensible via a plugin mechanism. Plugins are available to support C, C++, and Fortran development. Features include the following:
- C and C++ projects
- C and C++ editor
- GNU gdb integration
- Code assistance
- Unit testing
- Source inspection
- Packaging
The latest version of Netbeans IDE 8.2 is available from here
Code::Blocks
Unlike Eclipse and Netbeans, which started as Java IDEs and have C/C++/Fortran support added via plugins, Code::Blocks is designed primarily as a C, C++, and Fortran IDE. It is also extensible via plugins, however, and so new functionality can be added if required. Features include the following:
- Multitarget projects
- Parallel builds
- Imports MSVC and Dev-C++ projects
- Debugging using GNU GDB and MS CDB
- Syntax highlighting
- Code folding
- Code completion
- Class browser
- Smart indent
- VCS integration
The latest version of Code::Blocks can be downloaded from here. Although it is a cross-platform IDE, support for Mac OS X is not as advanced as other platforms.
Commercial/Proprietary IDEs
CLion
JetBrains CLion is a commercial cross-platform IDE for C and C++ development. Features include the following:
- Smart customizable editor
- Navigation and search
- Code generation and refactorings
- On-the-fly code analysis
- Run and debug
- CMake support
- Unit testing
- VIM mode
- Python support
An evaluation version of CLion 2017.1.3 is available here. Cost is $89 for an individual license for the first year, with discounts for future years.
XCode IDE
The XCode IDE is aimed primarily at developing applications for Apple platforms. It comes as part of Apple's proprietary XCode developer toolset. In addition to Apple's Objective-C and Swift languages, the XCode IDE provides support for C, C++, and Python, so it is well suited for developing scientific applications. Features include the following:
- Fast structure-based editor
- Refactoroing
- Search
- Debugging
- Source control (navigation and inspection)
- Build system
- Documentation
- Testing
The latest version of XCode 9 is available from here (requires login).
Visual Studio IDE
Visual Studio IDE is Microsoft's proprietary integrated development environment and the primary environment for developing Windows applications. It provides built-in support for C and C++, so it is suited for scientific application development; however, without some additional work, applications will run only on Windows. It can be extended via plugins, and support for Fortran and Python is available this way. Features include the following:
- Application projects
- Syntax highlighting
- Code completion
- Code folding
- Incremental search
- Debugging (Visual Studio debugger only)
- VCS integration
- Database integration
The latest version of Visual Studio IDE is available from here.
Supported Features
The following tables show which IDEs support important features for scientific code development.
Language Support
| IDE | C/C++ | Fortran | Python |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse CDT | Y | N | Y1 |
| Eclipse PTP | Y | Y | Y1 |
| Visual Studio.NET | Y | Y1 | Y1 |
| Netbeans | Y | N | Y (since 8.1) |
| CLion | Y | N | Y |
| XCode | Y | N | Y2 |
| Code::Blocks | Y | N | Y1 |
- Requires 3rd-party plugin
- Requires manual configuration
Supported Build Systems
| IDE | Makefile | CMake | autotools |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse CDT | Y | Y | Y |
| Eclipse PTP | Y | Y | Y |
| Visual Studio.NET | Y | Y (since 2017) | N |
| Netbeans | Y | Y1 (since 8.2) | Y2 |
| CLion | Y | N | Y1 |
| XCode | Y | N | Y2 |
| Code::Blocks | N | N3 | N |
- Requires manual configuration
- Requires 3rd-party plugin
- CMake can be used to generate Code::Blocks project files
Supported Platforms
| IDE | Windows | Linux | Mac OS X |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse CDT | Y | Y | Y |
| Eclipse PTP | Y | Y | Y |
| Visual Studio.NET | Y | N | Y |
| Netbeans | Y | Y | Y |
| CLion | Y | Y | Y |
| XCode | N | N | Y |
| Code::Blocks | Y | Y | Y1 |
- Current version not supported
